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BETWEEN 



HEW YORK, PHIIiADELPHIA, 
BAIvTIMORE A^T> WASHINGTON* 

CONTAINING A 

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRiNeiPAL PLACES ON THJ 

JlpUTE, AND TABLES OF DISTANCES. 

ACCOMPANIED BY A 

NEW AND CORRECT MAP« 



JPBICJt! 50 CEJVTS. 

J 

NEW YORK: 
PUBLISHED BY J. DISTURNELL, 

No. 29 CourtlandL^tFeeU, 




c^rjZJ 



FROM NEW YORK TO WASHINGTON. 



By Steamboat Sf Railroad. 

To Bedlow's Island, by 

Steamboat 2 

Kills 4 6 

Newark Bay 4 10 

Elizabethport 2 12 

Railway river 4 16 

Perth Amboy S 24 

South Ainhoy 1 25 

^\iOifi\\Qod,by railroad 9 'M 

West's 4 38 

Hightstown 7 45 

Centreville 4 49 

SandPIills 5 54 

Bordentoicn' 4 58 

Criift's Creek 4 02 

Eurlinsrton 7 (J9 

Rankocus river 6 75 

Camden 12 87 

Philadelphia 1 88 

Fort Mifflin, by S. boat 9 97 

Chester 9 105 

Marcus Hook 4 110 

Christiana creek 8 118 

Neic Castle, Del 5 123 

Glagow, by railroad ..12 135 

Frenchiown 4 139 

;Mou(:h of Elk river, by 

Steamboat 13 152 

Grove Point 6 158 

Pool's I.-iland 16 174 

Nonh Point 16 190 

Fort McHenry 10 200 

Baltimore 3 203 

Elkridse, by railroad 10 213 

Vansville 17 230 

}i]adensburu 7 237 

Washington 6 243 



'To Philadelphia by steam- 
lyoat, 29 lailes. 



By Railroad and Stages^ 

To Jersey City,,....,.,- I 

Hackensack river, by 

railroad .,..,,....-.. 4 5" 

Newark ,. ,. 4 9^ 

Elizabethtown ,.,, 6 15- 

Rahway 5 20 

New Brunswick 13 33"- 

Kingston, by stage. . . ,13 4&- 

Princeton ,3' 4^ 

Trenton* W 59* 

Morrisville, Penn 1 60* 

Tyhmn, by railroad ., 3 63^ 

Tally town 3 &&■ 

Bristol 4 709 

Dunksville 4 7# 

Frankford 9 83' 

Philadelphia 4 87 

Darby, by stage 7 94 

Chester 8 102 

Marcus Hook 5 107 

Wilmington, Del 8 115 

Newport 5 120 

Christiana 5 125 

Newark 5 130 

Elkton, Md 5 135 

North East 6 141 

Charleston 3 144 

Havre de Grace 7 151 

Hall's >- Roads 5 156 

Harford 6 162 

Little Gun Powder.... 7 169 

Baltimore 16 185 

¥AkY\ds.e, by railroad 10 195 

Patuxent river 12 207 

Vansville.. 5 212 

Bladensburg 7 219 

Washington 6 225 

*To Philadelphia by steam- 
boat, 36 miles. 



Sf 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1837, 
)/ .John Disturnell, in the Clerk's Office of the District 
'!ourt of the Southern District of New York. 



GUIDE BETWEEN 
NEW YORK AND WASHINGTON^ 



Steamboats in connection with the Camden and 
Aviboy Railroad Line, leave several times during;; 
the day, from Pier No. 1, north side of the Battery^ 
(office, 14 Washington street,) for South Amboyj: 
a distance of 25 miles. The usual fare through tOi 
Philadelphia, $3,00. 

On leaving the Battery, the scene is truly grand^ 
embracing all the beauties for which the Bay of 
New York is so justly celebrated. The first object 
of interest after leaving the wharf, which the steam- 
boat passes, is Bedlows' Island, which is fortified 
and garrisoned by U. S. troops. Governor's Island 
opposite, is also strongly fortified. 

As you approach Staten Island the scenery is; 
still interesting but of a different character. The: 
vessels laying at the Quarantine Ground and the 
buildings attached to the Lazaretto, are in full view • 
also Tompkinsville and New Brighton. The next 
object of interest afrer you enter the Kills, is the 
Sailors' Snug Harbour — many a veteran Tar here 
finds a safe and comfortable home, furnished by the 
liberality of its founder Capt. Robert R. Randal. 

Newark Bay, 10 iniles from New York, is a large 
body of water. At the head of the bay the Hacken- 
sack and Passaic rivers both empty into it, near each 
other. On the Passaic, 10 miles from the mouth of 
the bay lies the flourishing city of Newark. 

Elizabethport, 12 miles from New York, is the 
first landing the steamboat makes after leaving the 
city of New York. A railroad commences here 
which intersects the New Jersey Railroad at Eliza- 
bethtown, two miles from the landing. 



GUIDE BETWEEN 



Staten Island Sound, extends a distance of 12 
miles to 

Perth Amboy, which is pleasantly situated at the 
head of the Raritan Bay. This place has advanta- 
ges as regards a good harbour and access to the o- 
cean, almost equal to the city of New York. The 
Raritan river empties its waters into the bay at this 
place and is navigable to New Brunswick, a dis- 
tance of 15 miles; only 10 miles by land. Shell 
fish are found in great abundance in Raritan Bay 
and its vicinity, being celebrated for their good 
qualities. 

South Amboy is 25 miles from New York ; here 
commences the Camden and Amboy Bailroad, which 
runs through the state of New Jersey to Camden, 
opposite Philadelphia, a distance of 61 miles. The 
Camden and Amboy Railroad Liiie, convey passen- 
gers from here to New Brunswick, Princeton and 
Trenton ; also to Freehold and Monmouth, N. J. 

Spotswood is 9 miles from South Amboy. 

HiGHTsTowN, 11 miles further by railroad; stages 
here leave for Freehold, a distance of 12 miles. 

Centreville, 24 miles from South Amboy, and 
9 miles from Bordentown. 

Sand Hills is 5 miles further, and 6 miles from 
Trenton by stage. 

Bordentown, 33 miles from South Amboy, is 
situated on the Delaware river, 7 miles below Tren- 
ton, and 29 miles from Philadelphia, by water. — 
Passengers are generally taken from here to Phila- 
delphia by steamboat, except when the river is clo- 
sed by ice, and then by railroad to 

Burlington 11 miles; this place is delightfully 
■situated on the shore of the Delaware. Nearly op- 
posite is the beautiful village of Bristol, Penn. 

Camden, the termination of the railroad, is 18 
miles further. Directly opposite is the city of Phil- 



NEW YORK AND WASHINGTON. 



adelpliia: the river here is about one mile wide, 
wiiich is crossed by commodious steam ferry boats. 

Other Routes can be selected by the traveller be- 
tween New York and Philadelphia. As soon as 
the railroad is completed between New Brunswick 
and Trenton, which is in progress, a continued rail- 
road communication will extend from city to city, 
by means of the Neic Jersey Railroad and thePAi'Z- 
adeiphm and Trenton Ra'droad. This route will 
commence at Jersey City, opposite Ne\v York, and 
run through Newark, Eiizabjthtown, New Bruns- 
wick and Trenton in New Jersey: then cross the 
Delaware river to Morrisville, Penn., and thence 
through Bristol to Philadelphia. 

Other railroads intersect the New Jersey Railroad. 
The Paterson and Hudson Railroad, running from 
Jersey City to Paterson, a distance of 16 miles. — 
The Morris and Essex Railroad^ extending from 
Nevv^ark to MorristoAvn, a distance of 22 miles. — 
The Elizabethtown and Someruille Railroad, is to 
extend from Elizabethport to Somerville. 

The following recent trial of speed, shows how 
fast passengers can be carried by the aid of lail- 
loads. The Express Mail was recently transpor- 
ted betAveen Philadelphia and Jersey City, with un- 
parallelled speed. The time occupied on the seve- 
ral sections of the route were as follows : 
From Phila. to Trenton, (loco-motive en.) Ih. 5m. 

" Trenton to E. Brunswick, (by stage,) 2h. 23m, 

" East Brunswick to Newark, (1. en.) 39m. 

" Newark to Jersey City, (horse pow.) 31m. 

Distance about 85 miles. Total time, 4h. 38m. 
A new Line, called the ' Express Mail Pilot Line^ 
has commenced running on this route, leaving both 
cities every morning ; going through in 8 hours. 
Usual fare, 84,00. Office foot of Courtlandt street, 



PHILADELPHIA, 



New York. This line with those already establish- 
ed will be a great accommodation to the travelling 
public, especially during the winter, and restore to 
the old post route over New Jersey, a great propor- 
tion of its former travel. 

The Delaware and Raritan Canal, extends from 
New Brunswick on the Raritan, to Bordentown 
on the Delaware river ; a distance of 42 miles. This 
is an important chain in the internal navigation of 
the Union. Vessels of a large burthen can pass 
through this canal, and in connexion with the Ches- 
apeake and Delaware, and Dismal Sioaiiip Canals, 
it furnishes a continued inland navigation between 
the City of New York and Albemarle Sound ; a to- 
tal distance of upwards of 400 miles. 

PHILADELPHIA, 87 miles from Nev/ York, 
98 from BaLimore, and 136 from Washington, 
ranks as the second city in the Union. It is situa- 
ted on the west bank of the Delaware river, and ex- 
tends back nearly two miles to the Schuylkill ; it is 
105 miles to the mouth of the Delaware Bay and 36 
miles to Trenton, the head of steamboat navigation. 
The largest ships can ascend the Delaware to the 
city, and it is here nearly a mile wide to Camden, 
N. J. Seven miles below the city, the Schuylkill 
river falls into the Delaware ; the former is navi- 
gable for brigs and schooners to the permanent 
bridg'e, where it is about 500 feet wide. The city 
is regularly laid out into squares, with streets cross- 
ing at right angles. The city proper, is bounded 
on the north and/South by Vine and Cedar streets. 
The extensive suburbs of the Northern Liberties, 
Kensington on the north, and Southwark on the 
.south, form together Avith the city about three 
square miles of clo'^e buildings; containing in 1830 
a population of 167,811 inhabitants. 

The streets are generally well paved with round 



PHILADELPHIA. 



Stones, varying in width from fifty to one hundred 
and twelve feet. The sidewalks of brick, are all 
kept remarkably clean. The houses are very uni- 
form and commodious, being generally three stories 
high, built of brick, with white marble steps and 
window sills. Chestnut and Arch strees are con- 
sidered among the most elegant promenades in the 
United States. The principal business is done on 
(tbe Delaware side, but since the improvements on 
the Schuylkill by canals, and the extension of the 
coal trade from the interior, the western part of the 
city has very much improved. Stores and wharves 
have been built, and numerous commodious dwel- 
lings have been erected near that river The rail- 
road constructed by the state extending from Phil- 
adelphia to Columbia, a distance of 8i 1-2 miles, in 
connexion with other railroads in progress, is a 
great benefit to the west side of the city. 

The number of houses for public worship, is a- 
bout 100 of different denominations; although gen- 
erally plain edifices, many of them are fine speci- 
mens of architecture. The charitable Institutions 
are numerous, and this city is noted for the philan- 
thropical disposition x)f its citizens. The Pennsyl- 
vania Hospital, the Dispensaries, the Alms Houses, 
Orphan Asylums, Institutions for the Deaf and 
Dumd, Lunatic Asylum, Humane Society, Saving 
Fund Societ;/, besides many other moral and reli- 
gious institutions, are particularly worthy of notice. 
The literary institutions are also highly respecta- 
ble •, among others, the Athenseum, the Philosophi- 
cal Society, Academy of Fine Arts, Academy of 
Natural Science, several Libraries, Franklin Insti- 
tute, Medical Society, College of Physicians, Col- . 
lege of Pharmacy, Musical Fund, &c. Numerous 
literary journals, and daily and weekly newspapers, 
are published. There are also in Philadelphia some 



8 PHILADELPHIA. 



of the largest publishers of books in the United 
States. Peale's museum contains one of the largest 
collections of natural curiosities in America. A 
celebrated painting, by Mr West, of Christ healing 
the sick, and presented by him to the Pennsylvania 
Hospital, is exhibited in a building erected for the 
purpose, for the benefit of that institution. 

Institutions for education abound in Philadelphiaj 
from colleges and academies down to common 
schools. The University of Pennsylvania Ninth 
street, is a very respectable institution, incorporated 
in 1755, and a new charter was granted in 1779. 
Dr. Franklin was one of the original founders of 
the institution. The annual number of gradutes, 
is about 190. Jefferson Medical College was foun- 
ded in 1825, and a Law Academy in 1821. The 
Friends have numerous schools; besides these there 
are public schools, Sunday schools, &c. established 
by various societies and individuals. The city has, 
however, lately received a most munificent bequest 
for the establishment of a college for orphans, by the 
will of the late Stephen Girard, Esq., who died in 
1831, leaving the largest portion of his immense 
wealth, consisting of several millions of dollars, to 
the city of Philadelphia, principally for the above 
purpose. In addition to the public buildings, before 
mentioned, there are a number others of elegance 
and interest. See " Picture of Philadelphia." 

The waterworks of Philadelphia are deservedly 
celebrated for their superiority over those of any 
city in America. The water of the Schuylkill is 
elevated by means of a dam thrown across the river, 
which affords a power sufficient to raise the water in 
pipes to the top of an eminence on the bank of the 
river, called Fair Mount, from whence it is conduc- 
ted in iron pipes to all parts of the city. 



TABLE OF DISTANCES. 



From Philadelphia to Pitts- 
burg, via Harkisburg. 
By Railroad unci Stage. 

To Buck's Tavern 11 

Spread Eagle. 5 l(i 

Paoli 4 20 

Warren 2 22 

Valley Creek 7 29 

Downingville 3 32 

Coatsville 8 40 

Gap Tavern 12 52 

Soudersburg 9 61 

Lancaster 9 70 

Mountjoy 12 82 

Elizabotlitown 7 89 

Middletowa 3 9t2 

High Spire ..3 9o 

Harkisburg 6 101 

Hogostown 9 110 

Carlisle 9 119 

Sioystown 13 132 

Siiippensburg 8 140 

Green Village 6 116 

Chambersburg 5 I'll 

St. Tlionias 9 160 

Louden Town 6 166 

McConiiellsburg 7 173 

Juniatta Crossing 20 193 

Bedlbrd ..". 15 208 

Schellsburg 9 217 

Stoys Town 20 237 

I.auglilin Town 16 253 

Youngs Town 13 266 

Greensburg 10 276 

Adamsburg 6 232 

Stewartsville 7 289 

Pittsburg 20 309 

By Railroad and Canal. 
To Lancaster, by rail- 
road 70 

Columbia 12 82 

Marietta, by canal .... 3 85 

Bain bridge 6 91 

Middletown 8 99 

Harrisburg 9 108 

Juniata river 16 124 

Newport 10 134 



Thompsontown 11 145 

Mexico 7 152 

Milflintown 4 156 

Le wistown 14 170 

Waynesburg 14 184 

Aughwick Falls 12 19& 

Huntingdon 17 213- 

Petersburg 7 220 

Alexandria 7 227 

Williamsburg 13 240 

Prankstown 10 250 

Hollidaysburg 3 253.- 

Inclined Plane No. 10, 

bij railroad 4 257 

InclinedPlaneNo. 6... 6 263: 

Mountain Bridge 9 272 

Ebensburgji Bridge... 3 275' 
Staple Bend Tunnel ... 10 285 

Jolnistown.. 5 290 

Laurel Hill, by canal 6 296 

Lockport. 10 306 

Blairsville 13 319^ 

Saltzburg 16 335 

V/arrentown 12 3-17 

Leechburg 10 357 

Freeport 5 362 

Logan's Ferry 13 375 

Pine creek 12 387 

Pittsburg 7 394 

Philadelphia to Trenton- 
By Steamboat. 

Bridesbyrg & 

Burlington, N.J 12 IB- 
Bristol, Penn 1 19 

Bordentown, N. J 10 29 

Trenton 7 3G 

Philadelphia to Cape May. 
By Water. 

Chester 18 

Newcastle 17 35 

Delaware City 6 41 

Port Penn 5 46 

Bombay Hook 11 57 

Eirg Island 20 77 

Cape May Light Hou§e 24 10?. 
Cape Island 4 105- 



10 NEW Castle and prenchtown. 

On leaving Philadelphia for Baltimore, the trav- 
eller has his choice of going by railroad and stage, 
via Wilmington and Havre de Grace, thence to 
Baltimore, a distance of 98 miles ; or proceeding 
down the Delaware, by steamboat to 

Chester, 18 miles, where the steamboat first 
lands, thence to 

New Castle, 35 miles from Philadelphia ; here 
commences the New Castle and Frcnchtown Rail- 
road. It extends from New Castle on the Delaware 
river, to Frenchtown in the state of Maryland, a 
distance of 16 miles ; affording a direct communi- 
cation between the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays. 
It is nearly parallel to the Delaware and Chesapeake 
Canal, which crosses a few miles below. 

Frenchtown, 16 miles from New Castle, lies on 
Elk river which empties into the Chesapeake Bay 
13 miles below. The railroad here terminates, and 
the traveller then takes a steamboat direct for Bal- 
timore, a distance of 64 miles, through the Chesa- 
peake Bay. This large body of water, Avhich re- 
ceives the waters of the Susquehanna, Potomac, 
James river, and numerous other tributary streams, 
communicates with the ocean between Cape Charles 
and Cape Henry, a distance ofabout.200 miles from 
its head ; its average width above the Potomac is 
about 10 miles; below this point it increases to 20 
miles and upwards. The Chesapeake is usually 
obstructed by ice for two or three month during the 
winter ; recently however strong efforts have been 
^nade, partlv successful, to keep open a communi- 
j.tion with Baltimore, iDy means of steamboats, pre- 
pared expressly to ply through the ice. 

Patapsco Bay, at the head of which is situated 
the City of Baltimore, communicates with the Ches- 
ay^ake, 13 miles below the city, between North 
Point and Bodkin Island. 



BALTIMORE. 



11 



Fort McHenry, 3 miles below Baltimore is ad- 
vantageously situated and strongly fortified. This 
fort was attacked by the British fleet under Admi- 
ral Cockburn, in 1814, who were repulsed; and the 
British army defeated under Gen. Ross, who was 
killed in the engagement, a few miles below Balti- 
more ; having previously landed at North Point, 
preparatory to a meditated attack on the city. 

BALTIMORE is the third city, in population, in 
the United States, and one of the principal commer- 
cial ports in the Union. This city is admirably 
situated for foreign and internal commerce, and the 
amount of shipping employed in the foreign and 
coasting trade is very great. The exports consist 
principally of flour, grain, tobacco and pork. The 
population of Baltimore has increased rapidly. In 
1775, it was 5.934; in 1790, 13,-503 ; in 1800, 26,514; 
in 1810, 46,555; in 1820, 62,738; in 1830, 80,625. 

The public buildings are numerous, and some of 
them elegant, including many houses for public 
worship for various denominations of christians. 
There are two elegant stone monuments, one erected 
to the memory of Gren. Washington, 160 feet high, 
and the Battle Monument, in memory of the citizens 
who fell in the defence of the city when attaked by 
the British under Gen. Ross, in September, 1814. 
The principal part of the city is handsomely built; ■ • 
the houses generally are of brick, and in good taste. 
Baltimore is the seat of numerous mills and manu- 
factories, some of which are very extensive. 

A magnificent work is now being constructed i^ 
from this city to the Ohio River, namely, the Bal- rd 
timore and Ohio Railroad, to extend to Pittsburg, 
Penn. a distance of 325 miles; which, when com- 
pleted will add immensely to the trade of the city. 
Another railroad is also in progress from this city, 
to the Susquehanna river. 



12 



TABLE oF DISTANCES. 



From Baltimore to Wheel- 
ing, Vii-. 

B^ Railroad and Stage. 
To Elkridg* Landing, 

by railroad 10 

vEUicott's 8 18 

Marriots ville 8 26 

-Sykesville 4 30 

'RLdgeville 10 40 

Frederick 17 £7 

^liddletown, by stage. . S 65 

Boonesboro 8 73 

Hagerstown 9 82 

■Clear Spring 11 93 

Hancock , . . , 13 105 

Becansville ...1.7 123 

•Flintstone 10 133 

Cumberland 13 I-IG 

Frostburg 10 156 

Little Crossing 10 166 

Somerfield, Penn 19 IVj 

Union Town 21 206 

Brownsville 12 218 

Beallsville . . . . , 8 226 

Hillsboro... 3 229 

Washington 11 240 

■ClaysviUe 11 251 

West Alexandria 6 257 

Triadelphia, Vir 10 267 

Wheeling 9 276 

Baltimore to Harrisburg. 

Hereibrfl.. 21 

Weisesburg 3 24 

Strasburg, Penn. 10 34 

( Logansville 7 41 

York 7 48 

York Haven 10 58 

New Cumberland 11 69 

Harrisburg .3 72 

Baltimore to Pittsburg. 
By route of the Baltimore 4" 

Ohio Railroad. 
To near Frederick, 

completed ^ 54 

Harper's Ferry, do .26 80 

Williamsport .-, ...30 110 



Hancock 25 135 

Cumberland 50 185i 

Connellsvdle, Penn. ..80 265 
Pittsburg 60 32S 

Baltimore to Annap&lis. 
Sweetzer's Bridge.... 4 

Broiherton IS 20 

Annapolis 10 30 

Baltimore to Norfolk. 
By Steamboat. 

Fort McHenry 3- 

NorthPoint.'. 10 1.3 

Stonev Point 8 21 

Sandy Point 6 27 

Thomas' Point 10 37 

Three Sisters 6 43 

Herrin,;^ Bay 7 50 

Sharp's Island 9 5* 

Cove Point 20 79 

Cedar Point 10 89( 

Point Lookout, nouth 

of the Potomac 17 10& 

Smith's Point 11 117 

Norfolk .81 19S 

Baltimore to Philadelphia. 

Little Gun Pov^der 16 

Harford 7 23 

Hall's X Roads 6 29 

Havre de ^race ..5 34 

Charleston ,7 41 

Northeast S 44 

Elkton 6 50 

Newark, Del 5 55 

Christiana ..,5 60 

Newport 5 65 

Wilmington 5 70 

INiarcusHook, Penn. .» 8 78 

Chester 5 83. 

Darby 8 91 

Philadelphia .» 7 98= 

By Water. 
Chesapeake City., ...» 60 
Delaware City ,6«/ canal 14 74 
Philadelphia 41 l\^ 



CITY OF WASHINGTON. 13 

The usual and most expeditious route from Bal- 
timore to the City of Washington, is by the Balti- 
more and Washington Rail-road ;■ it is a branch of 
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which it leaves 
at Elkridge Landing, and then passes in a south- 
west direction, through Bladensburg to Washing- 
ton ; a distance of 40 miles. 

WASHINGTON CITY, the capitol of the U- 
nited States of America; situated in the district of 
Columbia, on the Maryland side of the Potomac,. 
295 miles, by that river and Chesapeake bay, from 
Atlantic Ocean, 38 miles by laud from Baltimore, 
136 from Philadelphia, and 224 from New York.. 
The location of the city is on a point of land formed 
by the junction of the eastern branch with the Poto- 
mac, and the site extends over two miles up each 
of these rivers. On the N. W. is Georgetown, 
from which it is separated by Rock Creek, and the 
two places are connected by bridges.. A new bridge 
is about being constructed over the Potomac from 
the city, in place of the old one, which was about a 
mile in length. It joins the road leading to Alexan- 
dria, which city is 7 miles b^low, on the river. A 
canal passes through Washington, from the Poto- 
mac to the eastern branch, following in part the 
course of a small stream called the Tiber. The 
Ohio and Chesapeake Canal terminates at George- 
town, but it is contemplated to extend it to Alexan- 
dria, and to carry it across the Potomac by an aque- 
duct. 

The city was planned, in 1791, by Pierre C. L'En- 
fant, under the direction of George Washington, 
then President of the United States from whom it 
takes its name. By this plan, which has not been 
perfectly carried out, seven spacious avenues were 
laid out, to diverge from the capitol as a centre, and 
five avenues form raj^s from the Pi esident's house ; 



14 CITY OF WASHINGTON- 

the latter building and the capitol being each situa- 
ted on beaulifal eminences, about one mile and a 
half apart, and connected by Pennsylvania avenue, 
now the principal and most showy street in the city, 
beautifully shaded with trees. The avenues are 
named after difterent states of the Union, and cross- 
ed by streets running north and south, named after 
the letters of the alphabet, and others running east 
and west, which are called after numbers, as First 
Street, East and West, &c. The avenues and streets 
leading to the public places, are from 120 to 160 feet 
wide, divided into shaded walks and carriage ways ; 
the other streets are from 70 to 110 feet wide. The 
ground on which the city is built is high, airy and 
salubrious ; but only a small part of the extensive 
site is yet covered with buildings. The population 
in 1830, was 18,837. 

The principal buildings belonging to the United 
States, are the Capitol, the President's House, four 
buildings near the President's House, for the ac- 
commodation of the principal departments and sub- 
ordinate otfices of the government ; and the Gene- 
ral Post Ofhce,* (in which is the Patent Office,) a- 
bout equi-distant from the Capitol and the President's 
House. There are also belonging to the U. States, 
a very extensive Navy Yard, Marine Barracks, a 
Magazine, Army Arsenal and Laboratories for 
Arms, and a Penitentiary. The Capitol is a massy 
and imposing building of the Corinthian order, con- 
structed of white free-stone, in a superior style. It 
is situated, as before stated, on Capitol Hill, and at 
the western extremity of a beatiful square, 73 feet 
above tide. It is composed of a central edifice and 
two wings, the front being 350 feet, and the depth of 
the wings 121 feet. In the centre is the Rotunda, 90 

Desti'oyed by fire, Dec. 15, 1836. 



CITY OF WASHINGTON. 15 
f ■ 

feet in diameter, and the same in height to the lop of 
the dome. The Representatives' Hall is a magnifi- 
cent apartment 95 feet in length, and 60 feet in height. 
It is of a semi-circular form, and the dome and gal- 
leries are siipporied by beautiful variegated marble 
pillars, the marble having been found on the banks 
of the Potomac. The Senate chamber is of a simi- 
lar form, 74 feet in length. The cost of the Capitol 
was over $'2,000,000 ; it is considered the most splen- 
did building in the United States. The President's 
House is an elegant mansion, of white freestone, 
two stories high, with a lofty basement; being 180 
feet long, by 85 wide. It stands elevated in the cen- 
tre of a large reservation of ground, from which the 
view to the south is very beautiful and picturesque. 

The Library of Congre.ss is kept in the Capitol, 
and contains about 10,000 volumes. There is a Ci- 
ty Hall belonging to the city, which is a spacious ed- 
. ifice, 250 feet by 50. There are about 20 places of 
public worship, several public schools, a city library, 
• a female orphan asylum, a theatre, an assembly 
room, a museum, gallery of paintings, baths, four 
banking houses, and several very extensive hotels, 
which are generally well kept, and thronged with in- 
mates from every quarter of the Union, daring the 
session of Congress. Steamboats ply constantly to 
Norfolk, Baltimore, Potomac creek and Alexandria. 
Cars and stages leave for Baltimore, and in other 
directions, several times during the day. 

The city is well supplied with good water, partly 
from springs, by wood and iron pipes ; the markets 
are furnished with abundance of meats, fish, fruits 
and vegetables. 

The city was incorporated by Congress, in May, 
1802 •, and is governed by a mayor, board of alder- 
men and common council, elected by the citizens. 



16 



Table of distances. 



From Washington to Nor- 
folk, Vir. 
To Alexandria, D. C. . . 6 

Mount Vernon, Vir 8 14 

Crane Island 12 26 

Sandy Point, Md 8 34 

Boyd's Hole, Vir 18 52 

) Mathias Point 8 60 

Cedar Point, Md 7 67 

Blackstone's Island... 19 86 

Piney Point 12 98 

Point Lookout 10 108 

Roger Point, Vir 6 114 

Smith's Point 5 119 

Windmill Point 21 140 

Gwynn's Island 7 147 

Point no Point 6 153 

New Point Comfort ... 9 162 

Back River Point 12 174 

Old Point Comfort .... 10 184 

Craney Island 9 193 

Norfolk 7 200 

Washington to Richmond. 
To Potomac creek, by 

steamboat 50 

Fredericksburg 6y r. r.ll 61 

Vielleboro , 14 75 

Bowling Green 9 84 

Hanover Court House 23 107 
Richmond , 20 127 

Washington to Harper's 
Ferry. 

Broad river. 21 

Leesburg 10 31 

Waterford 7 33 

Hillsboro 5 43 

Harper's Ferry 9 52 

Washington to Pittsburg. 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. 
To the Point of Rocks 50 

Harper's Ferry 14 64 

Antietam Creek. 10 74 

WilUamsport 38 112 

Pittsburg, by propo- 
sed route. ,,,....,, 230 342 



Washington to N. Orleaks, 
By Mail Route. 

R.ichmond, Vir J22- 

Halifax, N. C 94 216. 

Fayetteville 131 Ml 

Che raw, S. C 65 412 

Camden 55 467 

Columbia 33 500 

Augusta, Geo. . 80 580 

Milledgeville 90 670 

Columbus 124 794 

Montgomery, Al 100 894 

Mobile 185 1079 

New Orleans, Lou. 146 1125 

Washington to Eastport. 
By Mail Route. 

Baltimore, Md 40 

Wilmington, Del. ... 70 110 

Philadelphia, Penn. . 28 138 

Trenton, N.J 27 165 

New Brunswick 27 1<»2 

New York 33 225 

NewHaven, Conn... 76 301 

Hartford 37 338 

Vv^orcester, Mass 58 396 

Boston 39 435- 

Portsmouth, N.H. .. 60 495 

Portland, Me 54 549 

Belfast Ill 660: 

Eastport..... .130 790i 

Washington to St. Louis.. 
via National Road. 

Frederick, Md 4^ 

Cumberland 89 132 

Union, Penn 61 m 

Washington 36 229 

Wheeling, Vir: 35 264 

Zanesville, 72 336 

Columbus 60 396 

Springfield 43 439 

Indianapolis, In 134 573 

Terre Haute 82 655 

Vandalia, n 126 781 

Alton, on the Missis- 

sipvi river 60 841 

St. Lows, Mo 20 861 



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JAN 73 

N. MANCHESTER, 
INDIANA 






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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 113 605 7 



